The Necklace: Class 10 English Chapter 7 Hinglish mein

7.1 Padhne se pehle

Ek badi family wedding ke baare mein socho. Ek aunty ne apni behen se maanga hua gold set pehna hai, ek cousin ne sirf ek shaam ke liye mehenga lehenga kiraaye par liya hai, aur sabko fikr hai ki rishtedaar kya kahenge. Doosron ke saamne achha dikhna chahna bilkul insaani baat hai. Yeh kahani is chahat par ek mushkil sawaal poochhti hai: agar ek chhoti si cheez galat ho jaaye, to iski keemat kya ho sakti hai?

Matilda Loisel apne pati ke saath Paris mein rehti hai, jo ek junior clerk hai. Jab ek shaandaar ball ka invitation aata hai, to woh nayi dress leti hai, ek ameer saheli se diamond necklace udhaar leti hai, aur phir use kho deti hai. Is nuksaan ko bharne mein das saal lagte hain, aur aakhri kuch lines sab kuch ulat deti hain. Pehle apni textbook mein kahani padho. Yeh companion use part by part samjhata hai, phir board exam ki practice mein madad karta hai.

Kahani chaar stages se guzarti hai, ek aisi aurat se jo aur zyada chahti hai, aakhri surprise tak, jaise Fig. 7.1 dikhata hai. Dhyaan do ki map ending ko chhupa kar rakhta hai: aakhri page pehle padhne ki koshish mat karna.

7.2 Kahani padhna

Tumhari textbook kahani ko teen Read and Find Out boxes se todti hai. Hum unhi ko follow karte hain, aur aakhri lambe hisse ko do mein baant dete hain. Part I tab khatam hota hai jab dress ke paise tay ho jaate hain, Part II jab necklace gayab milta hai, Part III jab hamshakal necklace lauta diya jaata hai, aur Part IV aakhri raaz khulne par. Har part mein events sahi kram mein, zaroori moments, aur textbook ke questions par ek quick check hai.

7.2.1 Part I: Ek patni jo aur chahti hai

Matilda jawan aur sundar hai, lekin uski family clerks ki hai jiske paas dowry ke paise nahi, isliye kisi ameer ya bade aadmi se milne ka uske paas koi raasta nahi. Woh education office ke ek junior clerk se shaadi kar leti hai. Uski zindagi mein asal mein kuch galat nahi hai; woh bas aam hai, aur aam hi woh cheez hai jo use bardaasht nahi. Use lagta hai ki woh luxury ke liye bani thi, isliye har saadha kamra aur purani kursi use apmaan jaisi lagti hai.

Dinner table poori shaadi ka haal bata deti hai. Ek simple ghar ki bani pie hi uske pati ko khush karne ke liye kaafi hai. Matilda, uske saamne baithi, mann hi mann kahin aur hai: chaandi se saji shaandaar tables par, aise dishes khaate hue jo usne kabhi chakhe nahi. Uske paas na fancy dresses hain na jewels, aur use sirf inhi cheezon ki parwaah hai. Woh convent school ki ek ameer saheli se bhi milna taalti hai, kyunki har mulaqat ke baad woh pehle se zyada dukhi ho jaati hai.

Ek shaam Loisel muskurata hua ek bada envelope lekar ghar aata hai. Andar ek printed card hai: Minister of Public Instruction aur Madame Ramponneau, M. aur Mme Loisel ko Minister ke ghar ek shaam ke liye invite karte hain. Loisel ko umeed hai ki woh khush hogi. Iske bajaaye Matilda card ko phenk deti hai. Woh kehti hai ki problem kapdon ki hai: itne shaandaar mauke ke laayak uske paas kuch nahi hai. Phir woh ro padti hai.

Loisel ko bura lagta hai lekin woh pyaar se poochhta hai ki ek simple, kaam ki dress kitne ki aayegi. Matilda dhyaan se aisi rakam sochti hai jise sun kar woh ghabra kar mana na kare, aur chaar sau francs bolti hai. Uske liye yeh rakam chhoti nahi hai: yeh uski gun ke liye bachat hai, jo agle summer doston ke saath shikaar trips ke liye thi. Uska chehra thoda utar jaata hai, woh gun ke baare mein kuch nahi kehta, aur maan jaata hai. Woh bas itna chahta hai ki dress sundar ho.

7.2.2 Part II: Udhaar ki shaan

Jaise-jaise ball paas aati hai, dress lagbhag taiyaar ho jaati hai, lekin Matilda udaas aur bechain rehne lagti hai. Jab Loisel wajah poochhta hai, to woh ek nayi problem batati hai: uske paas koi jewellery nahi hai, aur iske bina woh gareeb dikhegi. Woh taaze phool pehenne ka sujhaav deta hai, jo us season fashion mein hain. Woh sunna bhi nahi chahti. Uske liye ameer auraton se bhare kamre mein gareeb dikhna ghar par rehne se bhi bura hai.

Phir Loisel ko ek idea aata hai jo sab kuch solve karta lagta hai: kyun na woh apni ameer saheli, Mme Forestier, se jewels udhaar le? Matilda khushi se chillaa padti hai. Agle din uski saheli ek bada jewel case kholti hai aur kehti hai ki jo chaho chun lo. Matilda ek ke baad ek piece pehen kar dekhti hai aur tay nahi kar paati, jab tak use black satin box mein ek shaandaar diamond necklace nahi mil jaata. Use gale se lagaate hue uske haath kaanpte hain. Ghabraate hue woh sirf wahi ek udhaar maangti hai, aur uski saheli turant haan kar deti hai.

Ball uski jeet ki raat hai. Kamre ki har nazar uski taraf mudti hai, aur kuch ghanton ke liye use theek wahi taareef milti hai jiski use hamesha se chahat thi. Loisel ki shaam bilkul bhi glamorous nahi hai: aadhi raat se woh ek chhote side room mein teen aur patiyon ke saath oongh raha hai jinki patniyan abhi bhi naach rahi hain.

Woh subah lagbhag chaar baje nikalte hain. Loisel jo saadhe wraps uske kandhon par daalta hai, woh doosri auraton ke furs ke saamne gareeb lagte hain, isliye woh uske cab dhoondhne se pehle hi seedhiyon se neeche bhaag jaati hai. Sadak par koi cab nahi hai. Woh thand mein dukhi hokar nadi ki taraf ghisatte hue chalte hain, jab tak unhe ek purani khatara gaadi nahi milti jo unhe ghar le jaati hai. Loisel ko das baje tak office pahunchna hai. Phir aaine ke saamne Matilda dar ke maare cheekh padti hai: uski gardan khaali hai. Necklace gayab hai.

7.2.3 Part III: Ek jhooth aur ek karz

Iske baad ki khoj bahut bechaini bhari hai. Gown, cloak, jebein: kuch nahi. Kyunki nikalte waqt use necklace pehna hua mehsoos hua tha, woh andaza lagaate hain ki woh cab mein gir gaya, lekin kisi ne cab ka number nahi dekha. Loisel baaki raat unke raaste par wapas chal kar dhoondhta hai. Agle din woh police, cab offices aur reward wale newspaper notice ki koshish karta hai. Sab bekaar jaata hai.

Waqt paane ke liye Loisel Matilda se kehta hai ki saheli ko likh do ki clasp toot gaya hai aur theek ho raha hai. Woh uske shabd likh deti hai. Yeh ek chhota jhooth hai, lekin yahi turning point hai: ab se Loisel couple sach ki jagah chuppi chunta hai. Ek hafte tak koi khabar na milne par woh umeed chhod dete hain, aur Loisel, jo paanch saal bada lagne laga hai, tay karta hai ki unhe necklace replace karna hoga.

Palais-Royal ki ek jeweller ki dukaan mein unhe diamonds ki ek string milti hai jo bilkul khoye hue necklace jaisi dikhti hai. Uski keemat 40,000 francs hai, lekin jeweller 36,000 le lega. Is rakam ka aadha hissa woh 18,000 francs hain jo Loisel ke pita use chhod gaye the; baaki aadha use udhaar lena padta hai. Woh laaparwaahi se promises sign karta hai aur usurers aur har us insaan se loan leta hai jo udhaar de. Phir woh necklace ki poori keemat chuka deta hai, jaise Fig. 7.2 dikhata hai.

Jab Matilda use lautati hai, to Mme Forestier use thande dhang se wapas leti hai, bas itni shikayat karti hai ki shaayad use iski zaroorat pehle pad sakti thi. Matilda ko dar tha ki saheli case kholegi, badli hui cheez pakad legi aur use chor samjhegi. Lekin Mme Forestier andar jhaankti tak nahi.

7.2.4 Part IV: Das saal aur sach

Gareebi, jisse Matilda hamesha darti thi, ab sach mein aa jaati hai, aur hairaani ki baat yeh hai ki woh iska saamna kitni himmat se karti hai. Naukrani ko hata diya jaata hai aur couple chhat ke neeche wale kamron mein shift ho jaata hai. Woh ghar ka har bhaari kaam khud karti hai, paani lekar seedhiyan chadhti hai, aur market mein ek-ek sikke ke liye mol-bhaav karti hai. Loisel shaam ko vyapaariyon ke hisaab-kitaab rakhta hai aur raat ko paanch sous prati page par documents copy karta hai.

Das saal lagte hain, lekin woh har karz chuka dete hain. Tab tak kaam ne Matilda ko umar se kahin zyada boodha bana diya hai. Uske haath laal aur khurdure hain, woh ab baalon par dhyaan nahi deti, aur uski awaaz oonchi ho gayi hai. Phir bhi, khidki par akele baithe, woh kabhi-kabhi us ek chamakti raat ko yaad karti hai jab har nazar us par thi. Narrator yahan ruk kar sochta hai ki nuksaan na hota to zindagi kaisi hoti, aur kehta hai ki sabse chhoti ghatna bhi zindagi ko barbaad kar sakti hai ya bacha sakti hai.

Ek Sunday, mehnat bhare hafte ke baad Champs-Élysées par tehalte hue, Matilda Mme Forestier ko ek bachche ke saath dekhti hai. Uski saheli abhi bhi jawan aur sundar hai. Karz chuk jaane ke baad Matilda use sab kuch batane ka faisla karti hai. Mme Forestier is thaki-haari aurat ko pehchaanti nahi, aur apne first name se bulaaye jaane par chaunk jaati hai. Jab Matilda batati hai ki woh kaun hai, to uski saheli uske itna badal jaane par cheekh padti hai.

Matilda thode garv ke saath samjhati hai: usne udhaar ka necklace kho diya, ek hamshakal lauta diya, aur das saal uski keemat chukaane mein bitaaye. Ab sab khatam ho gaya hai, aur woh santusht hai. Gehre dukh mein Mme Forestier uske dono haath pakadti hai aur sach batati hai: “Mine were false.” Uska necklace zyada se zyada paanch sau francs ka tha. Kahani theek wahin ruk jaati hai, aur hum kabhi nahi jaante ki aage kya hua. Fig. 7.3 necklace ka poora safar dikhata hai.

7.3 Kahani par sochna

Is kahani par board answers mein evidence ke marks milte hain. Jab bhi tum koi quality ya idea batao, use kisi character ke kaam ya baat se support karo. Yeh section tumhe wahi material deta hai: teen main characters, themes, aur woh irony jo ending ko famous banati hai.

7.3.1 Characters

Matilda Loisel kahani ke centre mein hai, aur woh sabse zyada badalti hai. Shuru mein woh sundar, vain (ghamandi) aur hamesha dissatisfied hai. Woh apni zindagi ko ameer auraton ke paas jo hai usse naapti hai, isliye pyaar karne wala pati aur theek-thaak ghar use koi khushi nahi dete. Uski vanity plot ko aage badhati hai: isi wajah se woh dress ke liye roti hai, phool mana karti hai, sabse shaandaar jewel chunti hai aur sharm se ball se bhaagti hai. Lekin nuksaan ke baad ek alag Matilda saamne aati hai. Woh das saal bina shikayat kaam karti hai aur ek-ek franc chuka deti hai. Kahani ke ant mein woh zyada gareeb, boodhi aur mazboot hai, lekin pehle se zyada izzat ke laayak.

M. Loisel ek simple, contented (santusht) aadmi hai jo chahta hai ki uski patni khush rahe. Woh use khush karne ke liye invitation laata hai, uski dress ke liye apne gun ke paise chhod deta hai, pehle phool aur phir udhaar ka sujhaav deta hai, aur nuksaan ke baad raat bhar dhoondhta hai. Das saal tak woh bhaari karz uthata hai aur use dosh diye bina extra ghante kaam karta hai. Woh loving, patient aur self-sacrificing hai. Uski ek badi galti cover-up hai: woh khud hi clasp wali chitthi likhwata hai aur sach maanne ki jagah necklace replace karna chunta hai.

Mme Forestier Matilda ki ameer school wali saheli hai. Woh generous hai, Matilda ko jo bhi jewel pasand aaye bina hichkichaye de deti hai. Woh thodi careless aur cool bhi hai, der se lautane par shikayat karti hai aur case kabhi check nahi karti. Ant mein apni purani saheli ki takleef dekh kar woh bhaavuk ho jaati hai. Woh kuch galat nahi karti, phir bhi usi ka dar Loisel couple ko phansa deta hai: uske paas ek imaandar visit das saal bacha sakti thi. In logon ke aas-paas Matilda ka mood kaise upar-neeche hota hai, yeh Fig. 7.4 mein dikhaya gaya hai.

7.3.2 Themes aur message

Theme ek bada idea hai jiske baare mein kahani tumhe sochne par majboor karti hai. The Necklace mein kai themes hain, aur board questions aksar inmein se kisi ek ka naam lete hain.

• Pride and appearances (ghamand aur dikhawa). Matilda kisi bhi asli cheez se zyada ameer dikhna chahti hai. Dikhawe ki ek raat ki keemat das saal hai.
• Appearance and reality (dikhawa aur sach). Ek nakli necklace diamonds jaisa lagta hai, ek clerk ki patni high society ki lady lagti hai, aur ek musibat aakhir mein bina zaroorat ki nikalti hai.
• Honesty (imaandari). Ball ke agle din subah ki ek imaandar baatcheet sab kuch bacha sakti thi. Sharm ka dar Loisel couple se sach chhupwata hai, aur yahi chhupana unhe barbaad kar deta hai.
• Contentment (santosh). Loisel thode mein khush hai; Matilda kaafi hone par bhi dukhi hai. Jalan ek aisi zindagi bhi bigaad sakti hai jo bilkul buri nahi thi.
• Chance and character (sanyog aur swabhaav). Bad luck se necklace khota hai, lekin aage kya hoga yeh character tay karta hai. Uska ghamand nuksaan ka raasta banata hai; uski himmat karz chukati hai.
• Dignity of work (mehnat ki izzat). Mushkilein Matilda ki vanity utaar deti hain aur woh taakat aur discipline dikhati hain jo use pata hi nahi tha ki usmein hai.

Yeh ideas cause and effect ki ek chain mein jud jaate hain, jo Fig. 7.5 mein dikhaya gaya hai. Dhyaan do ki zyaadatar links choices hain, sirf bad luck nahi. Isi wajah se kahani ko aksar dikhawe ke liye jeene ke khilaaf ek warning ki tarah padha jaata hai.

7.3.3 Irony aur twist ending

Yeh kahani apni twist ending ke liye famous hai. Aakhri lines mein pata chalta hai ki necklace nakli tha, yaani das saal ki takleef bekaar gayi. Yeh situational irony hai: nateeja us cheez ka ulta hai jiski characters ko, aur readers ko, umeed thi. Loisel couple ne apni izzat bachane ke liye khud ko thaka diya, jabki sach batane ki keemat bahut kam hoti.

Twist fair hai, kyunki Maupassant aise clues rakhte hain jo dhyaan se padhne wala reader baad mein pakad sakta hai. Mme Forestier necklace turant udhaar de deti hai, jaise woh koi khaas cheez na ho. Jab woh der se wapas aata hai, to woh shikayat karti hai lekin case khol kar check nahi karti. Koi bhi detail akele yeh saabit nahi karti ki necklace nakli hai, lekin dono milkar ending ko believable banati hain. Fig. 7.6 jo lagta hai use jo asal mein hai uske saamne rakhta hai.

Title. Plot ke har mod ke centre mein necklace hai: shaan ki raat, nuksaan, karz aur jhatka. Yeh us jhoothi chamak ka symbol bhi hai jiske peeche Matilda bhaagti hai, upar se sundar aur andar se kam keemat ki.

Narrator. Ek third-person narrator kahani sunata hai, zyaadatar Matilda ki taraf se, isliye hum uski chahat aur uska dar mehsoos karte hain. Ek baar, Part IV mein, narrator aage aakar seedha comment karta hai ki ek chhoti si cheez kaise zindagi barbaad kar sakti hai ya bacha sakti hai. Woh comment ek hi line mein kahani ka message hai.

7.4 Is par baat karo

Textbook ke ant mein charcha ke liye teen topics hain. Pehla bhasha ki ek paheli hai; baaki do aise values hain jinhe kahani parakhti hai.

7.4.1 Woh asal mein kaunsi bhasha bol rahe hain?

Tum kahani English mein padhte ho, lekin Loisel couple ne kabhi English nahi boli hogi. The Necklace French se translation hai, aur text aise clues se bhara hai jo iska origin bata dete hain. Unhe ek detective ki tarah dekho, unhe titles, paise aur jagahon mein baanto, jaise Fig. 7.7 karta hai.

• Titles aur naam: Mme aur M. French titles hain, aur Loisel, Forestier aur Ramponneau French surnames hain. French original mein Matilda ka naam Mathilde hai.
• Paise: har keemat francs aur sous mein hai, jo us samay ke French paise the.
• Jagahein: Paris, Palais-Royal aur Champs-Élysées sab French capital mein hain, isliye jis nadi ki taraf woh chalte hain woh Seine hogi.

To characters French hain, woh French bolte hain, aur jo tum padhte ho woh translator ki English hai. Translators aksar Mme jaise titles aur sous jaise sikke waise hi rakhte hain, taaki readers ko phir bhi mehsoos ho ki kahani kahan se aayi hai.

7.4.2 Charcha ke liye do topics

7.5 Board exam ki practice

Board papers is reader ko lagbhag 40–50 words ke short answers aur lagbhag 100–120 words ke lambe answers se test karte hain, aksar ek character sketch ya values par ek question. Passage-based questions details revise karne ka achha tareeka hain. Pehle apna answer khud likho, phir use model answer aur un key points se compare karo jo examiner dhoondhta hai.