Class 9 · English · English medium
Kaveri: Class 9 English companion
An interactive companion to Kaveri (Grade 9 English): original summaries, explanations of each story and poem, vocabulary, grammar and writing practice with answers.
An original companion to Kaveri, NCERT Class 9 English (2026–27 edition). Official textbook ↗ ncert.nic.in
Start: Chapter 1 How I Taught My Grandmother to Read0 of 8 chapters done
Every chapter is ready
Every chapter is ready
Chapters
- ENHinglish
Chapter 1: How I Taught My Grandmother to Read (Grandmother Learns to Read)
Kaveri (Class 9 English), Unit 1. - ENHinglish
Chapter 2: The Pot Maker
Unit 2 of Kaveri pairs Temsula Ao's story "The Pot Maker" with the anonymous poem "Gifts of Grace: Honouring Our Vocations". - ENHinglish
Chapter 3: Winds of Change
Unit 3 of Kaveri (Class 9 English). - ENHinglish
Chapter 4: Vitamin-M
Unit 4 of Kaveri (Class 9) pairs a story and a poem about older people, memory and love. - ENHinglish
Chapter 5: The World of Limitless Possibilities
Unit 5 of Kaveri (Class 9 English) pairs an interview and a poem about strength and inclusion. - ENHinglish
Chapter 6: Twin Melodies
Unit 6 of Kaveri. Twin Melodies, a three-act play by Mitra Phukan: Shruti, a young classical violinist, secretly rehearses Indo-Western fusi - ENHinglish
Chapter 7: Carrier of Words
Unit 7 of Kaveri (Class 9) pairs a non-fiction text and a poem. - ENHinglish
Chapter 8: Follow That Dream
Kaveri Unit 8. Prose: “Follow That Dream”, a 1995 letter by Irene Chua to her teenage daughter Ming (from My Daughter, My Friend).
Also in Hinglish
- Chapter 1: How I Taught My Grandmother to Read (Hinglish)
- Chapter 2: The Pot Maker (Hinglish)
- Chapter 3: Winds of Change (Hinglish)
- Chapter 4: Vitamin-M (Hinglish)
- Chapter 5: The World of Limitless Possibilities (Hinglish)
- Chapter 6: Twin Melodies (Hinglish)
- Chapter 7: Carrier of Words (Hinglish)
- Chapter 8: Follow That Dream (Hinglish)
A
allegoryA text with a surface meaning and a deeper, unstated meaning about life or ideas.Ch 3 · Winds of Changealliterationअनुप्रासRepetition of the same consonant sound at the start of nearby words.Ch 2 · The Pot Makeralliterationअनुप्रासRepetition of the same consonant sound at the start of nearby words.Ch 3 · Winds of Changealliterationअनुप्रासThe repetition of the same consonant sound at the start of nearby words, as in silent silver stars.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Malliterationअनुप्रास अलंकारRepeating the same first sound in nearby words, as in silent snow slid softly.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesalliterationअनुप्रासRepeating the same first sound in words close together, as in swirling sandstorms.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsallusionA passing mention of a famous person, story, event or text that the writer expects readers to recognise.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadantithesisPlacing opposite ideas side by side in a matching structure, e.g. easy to start, hard to finish.Ch 8 · Follow That DreamartisanकारीगरA skilled worker who makes things by hand.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerartisanकारीगरA skilled worker who makes things by hand, such as fans, pots or textiles.Ch 3 · Winds of Changeasideस्वगत कथनA short remark a character makes to the audience that the other characters on stage are taken not to hear.Ch 6 · Twin Melodiesaspirationआकांक्षाA strong hope or ambition to achieve something.Ch 8 · Follow That DreamB
binomialA pair of words joined by and or or that always comes in the same order, such as safe and sound.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadC
canvasStrong cloth stretched on a frame for painting; also a painting itself.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangecollocationWords that are naturally used together, such as heavy rain or take a photo.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangecollocationWords that are habitually used together, such as standing ovation or heavy rain.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiescondolence messageशोक संदेशA short, sincere note that shares someone's sorrow after a death and offers support.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordsconvictionदृढ़ विश्वासA firm belief that something is true or must be done.Ch 8 · Follow That DreamD
determinerनिर्धारकA word before a noun that shows which one, whose, how many or how much.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerdilemmaदुविधाA situation in which you must choose between two options and neither is fully right or comfortable.Ch 4 · Vitamin-ME
empathyसमानुभूतिUnderstanding another person's feelings by imagining yourself in their place.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesexclamatory sentenceविस्मयादिबोधक वाक्यA sentence that expresses strong feeling and ends with an exclamation mark, often beginning with What or How.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesF
factतथ्यA statement that can be checked and proved true or false.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesfirst conditionalA sentence about a real possible situation: if + present simple, then will + verb or an imperative.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamfixed expressionA group of words in a set order that does not change, such as wear and tear.Ch 3 · Winds of Changefrailदुर्बलPhysically weak and easily hurt, often because of old age or illness.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Mfree verseमुक्त छंदPoetry without a regular rhyme scheme or fixed metre.Ch 2 · The Pot Makerfusion musicMusic that blends two or more traditions, for example Indian classical melody with Western instruments and beats.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesG
Gramin Dak Sewakग्रामीण डाक सेवकA rural postal worker of India Post who works a few hours a day and delivers mail to villages and remote hamlets.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsH
hamletढाणीA very small settlement, smaller than a village; in the Thar such hamlets are called dhaanis.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordshueA colour, or one particular shade of a colour.Ch 3 · Winds of Changehyperboleअतिशयोक्तिExaggeration on purpose, to stress a feeling or a point; nobody is expected to believe it word for word.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to Readhyperboleअतिशयोक्तिDeliberate exaggeration for effect, not meant literally.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsI
idiomमुहावराA fixed phrase whose meaning cannot be worked out from its separate words, such as burn the midnight oil.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadidiomमुहावराA group of words whose meaning differs from the meanings of its separate words, such as bite the bullet.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesidiomमुहावराA group of words whose meaning differs from the meanings of the separate words, e.g. a wet blanket.Ch 8 · Follow That DreamimageryबिंबDescriptive language that creates pictures, sounds or other sense impressions in the reader's mind.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadimageryबिंबLanguage that appeals to the senses: sight, sound, taste, touch or smell.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerimageryबिंबDescriptive language that creates pictures, sounds or textures in the reader's mind.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangeimageryबिंबWords that create pictures and sensations in the reader's mind by appealing to sight, sound, smell, touch or taste.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MimageryबिंबWords that create pictures, sounds or other sensations in the reader's mind.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless PossibilitiesimageryबिंबWords that create pictures or sensations in the reader’s mind.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamimperativeआज्ञार्थक वाक्यA sentence or verb form that gives a command, advice or request, e.g. Close the door.Ch 8 · Follow That DreaminclusivityसमावेशिताMaking sure that everyone, whatever their ability or background, can take part and is treated fairly.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesinterrogative sentenceA sentence that asks a question and ends with a question mark. It may be a Yes/No question or a Wh- question.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MintonationअनुतानThe rise and fall of your voice as you speak, which adds meaning and feeling to the words.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MintonationThe rise and fall of the voice across a sentence, which shows meaning and feeling.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesironyविडंबनाA contrast between what is expected and what actually happens, or between what is said and what is meant.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MK
kilnभट्ठाA furnace or fire-pit in which clay pots are baked hard.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerL
literacyसाक्षरताThe ability to read and write. Today the word also covers using digital tools, managing money and understanding culture.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadM
metaphorरूपकA comparison that describes one thing as if it were another, without using like or as.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadmetaphorरूपकA comparison that describes one thing as another, without like or as.Ch 2 · The Pot MakermetaphorरूपकA comparison that says one thing is another, without like or as.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangemetaphorरूपकA comparison that says one thing is another, without like or as: Music is a friend.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesmetaphorरूपकDescribing one thing as if it were another, without like or as.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsmetaphorरूपकA comparison that describes one thing as if it were another, without using like or as.Ch 8 · Follow That DreammetreछंदThe regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordsmodal auxiliaryA helping verb such as can, could, should, would or must that adds ability, possibility, advice, duty or a request to a main verb.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesmodal verbA helping verb such as can, could, may, must, will that shows ability, possibility, permission or need.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreammoney orderमनीऑर्डरA way of sending money through the post office; the postman pays it in cash to the receiver.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsN
narratorकथावाचकThe person who tells a story. A first-person narrator says I and describes events as they saw them.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to Readnon-lexical fillerA sound such as um, er or hmm that fills a pause in speech or shows a feeling but has no dictionary meaning.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesnostalgiaA fond, slightly sad longing for a happy time or place in the past.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Mnoun clauseसंज्ञा उपवाक्यA subordinate clause that does the job of a noun: subject, object or complement.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerO
odeA poem of praise for a person, place, thing or idea, written in a grand and serious style.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadonomatopoeiaThe use of a word that imitates the sound it describes, such as buzz, sizzle or hum.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MopinionरायA statement of what someone believes, feels or judges; it cannot be proved.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless PossibilitiesP
paletteA board on which a painter mixes colours; also the range of colours used.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangepankhaपंखाThe Hindi word for a fan; in the essay, a traditional hand fan made by craftspeople.Ch 3 · Winds of Changepara-athleteपैरा-एथलीटAn athlete with an impairment who competes in para sports.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless PossibilitiesParalympic Gamesपैरालंपिक खेलA world multi-sport event for elite athletes with physical, visual or intellectual impairments, held in the Olympic host city soon after the Olympics.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiespassive voiceकर्मवाच्यA sentence form in which the subject receives the action: be + past participle.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordspast perfect tenseपूर्ण भूतकालThe verb form had + past participle. It shows the earlier of two actions that both happened in the past.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadperseveranceलगनContinuing to try in spite of difficulty or failure.Ch 2 · The Pot Makerperseveranceदृढ़ताContinuing to work at something even when it is difficult or slow.Ch 8 · Follow That DreampersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human qualities to a place, thing or idea, for example calling a country she.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadpersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human qualities to something that is not human.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerpersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human actions or feelings to animals, objects or nature.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangepersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human actions or feelings to something that is not human.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiespersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human actions or feelings to an idea, object or thing.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordspersonificationमानवीकरणGiving human actions or qualities to something that is not human.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamphilatelyडाक टिकट संग्रहThe collection and study of postage stamps and postal history.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordsphrasal verbA verb plus a small word such as up, on or through that together have a new meaning: pull through = survive a hard time.Ch 6 · Twin Melodiesprefixउपसर्गA group of letters added to the front of a word to change its meaning, such as un- in unkind.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadprepositionA small word such as in, under, towards or during that links a noun or pronoun to the rest of the sentence, usually telling where, where to, when or how.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Mpresent perfectपूर्ण वर्तमान कालThe tense formed with has/have + past participle, linking a past action to the present.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordspresent perfect tenseThe tense formed with has/have + past participle; it links a past action to the present.Ch 3 · Winds of ChangeR
ragaरागIn Indian classical music, a set of notes with rules for how a melody moves, each with its own mood.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesrefrainA line or phrase that is repeated at regular points in a poem or song, like a chorus.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to ReadrefrainटेकA line that comes back again and again in a poem or song, usually at the same point in each stanza.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Mrelative clauseविशेषण उपवाक्यA subordinate clause that describes a noun, starting with who, whose, which, that or where.Ch 2 · The Pot Makerreported speechअप्रत्यक्ष कथनPassing on what someone said in our own sentence, without quotation marks and usually with changes of pronoun, tense and time words.Ch 4 · Vitamin-Mreported speechअप्रत्यक्ष कथनTelling what someone said without quoting their exact words, with changes to pronouns, tenses and time words.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesreported speechअप्रत्यक्ष कथनReporting what someone said in your own sentence, without quotation marks, usually with changes of pronoun and tense.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiesresilienceलचीलापनThe ability to recover and keep going after a setback.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesrhetorical questionA question asked to make people think or to stress a point, not to get an answer.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamrhyme schemeThe pattern of rhyming line endings in a poem, shown with letters such as AABB.Ch 3 · Winds of Changerhyme schemeThe pattern of rhymes at the ends of lines, shown with letters such as ABCB.Ch 6 · Twin Melodiesrhyme schemeतुक योजनाThe pattern of rhyming line-endings in a poem, shown with letters such as abab.Ch 7 · Carrier of Wordsrhyme schemeThe pattern of rhyming line endings in a stanza, shown with letters such as abcb.Ch 8 · Follow That DreamS
simileउपमाA comparison that uses like or as: Music is like a friend.Ch 6 · Twin MelodiessimileउपमाA comparison that uses like or as: as worthless as weeds.Ch 7 · Carrier of WordsspatulaA flat tool a potter uses to tap and smooth the clay.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerSpecial Olympicsस्पेशल ओलंपिक्सA worldwide movement, founded in 1968, that offers sports training and competition to people with intellectual disabilities.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesstage directionरंग-निर्देशAn instruction in a play script, usually in brackets, telling actors how to move or speak. It is not spoken aloud.Ch 6 · Twin Melodiesstatus quoयथास्थितिThe way things are at present, especially when nobody wants them to change.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamstereotypeरूढ़िबद्ध धारणाA fixed, oversimplified idea about a whole group of people, such as the belief that people with disabilities cannot play sport.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiessuffixप्रत्ययA group of letters added to the end of a word to make a new word or form, such as -less in fearless.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to Readsymbolप्रतीकA thing or person that stands for a bigger idea, as a lamp can stand for knowledge.Ch 1 · How I Taught My Grandmother to Readsymbolप्रतीकSomething that stands for a larger idea.Ch 2 · The Pot Makersymbolप्रतीकAn object or image that stands for a larger idea, e.g. a first step for any new beginning.Ch 8 · Follow That Dreamsymbolismप्रतीकWhen a concrete thing, such as a flower or the sky, stands for a deeper idea or feeling.Ch 4 · Vitamin-MT
toneThe speaker's attitude to the subject; mood is the feeling the poem creates in the reader.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerV
vocationव्यवसायSkill-based work that a person learns through practice and does to earn a living.Ch 2 · The Pot MakerW
word clineA set of related words arranged in order of intensity, such as cool, warm, hot, boiling.Ch 5 · The World of Limitless Possibilitiesncert.ai is an independent learning companion aligned to the NCERT curriculum. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by NCERT.