Follow That Dream: Class 9 English Chapter 8 Hinglish mein

8.1 Reflect and Respond: padhne se pehle

Indore ki Class 9 ki ek student ke baare mein socho jo har chhutti apne ghar ke paas wali lake par birds ki photos kheenchne mein bitaati hai. Uska phone kingfishers aur herons se bhara hai, aur woh wildlife photographer banna chahti hai. Uske parents ko paison ki chinta hai, uski teacher planning ki baat karti hain, aur uski best friend bas cheer karti hai. Use kiski advice maanni chahiye? Yeh unit bilkul aise hi moments ke baare mein hai, jab ek young person ke mann mein ek badi aspiration hoti hai aur use tay karna hota hai ki uske saath kya kare.

Is unit mein do texts hain. Pehla ek maa ka apni teenage beti ko likha letter hai, sapne ko follow karne ke baare mein. Doosra ek chhoti si poem hai, goal ki taraf pehla kadam uthaate waqt khud par believe karne ke baare mein. In dono ke saath tum words, grammar, listening, speaking aur do tarah ki writing practise karoge: ek formal email aur ek speech.

Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam aksar kehte the ki asli sapna woh nahi jo hum sote hue dekhte hain. Asli sapna woh hai jo tumhe sone nahi deta, kyunki tum uske baare mein sochna aur uske liye kaam karna rok hi nahi paate. Doosre shabdon mein, sachcha sapna action mein badal jaata hai. Letter padhte waqt yeh idea dhyaan mein rakho.

Sapne ko follow karne ki mehnat uthayein hi kyun? Kuch reasons tumhari help karte hain: sapna direction deta hai, discipline banata hai aur dikhata hai ki tum kis cheez mein achhe ho. Baaki reasons tumse aage tak pahunchte hain, jaisa Fig. 8.1 dikhata hai: jo person ek worthy goal ke peeche bhaagta hai, woh aksar doston ko inspire karta hai, family ko upar uthata hai aur society ki seva karta hai.

8.2 Reading for Meaning: letter

8.2.1 Letter aur uski writer ke baare mein

“Follow That Dream” koi story nahi hai. Yeh ek asli personal letter hai, June 1995 ka, jo ek maa ne apni teenage beti Ming ko likha. Lagta hai Ming ne apni maa ke saath apna ek sapna share kiya tha, aur yeh uska jawab hai. Pehle ise apni textbook mein padho; phir neeche diye notes se check karo ki tumne har idea samajh liya hai.

Personal letter mein parent bina beech mein toke jaane ke, shaanti se aur poori baat keh sakte hain. Dhyaan do ki maa ek guide ke saath-saath ek dost ki tarah bhi likhti hai: woh order dene ke bajaye apni hopes aur disappointments share karti hai.

8.2.2 Letter, ek-ek part karke

Part 1: Saaf haan, aur greatness ki keemat. Maa ki sabse pehli line hi bina kisi doubt ke Ming ke sapne ka saath deti hai. Phir woh samjhati hai ki logon ko sach mein great kya banata hai. Yeh sirf luck ya talent nahi, balki woh effort aur sacrifice hai jo woh lagane ko taiyaar hain. Woh kehti hai ki kisi bhi cheez mein duniya ke best logon mein aane ke liye kam se kam das saal ka focused, single-minded kaam chahiye.

Part 2: Spark se plunge tak. Aage maa un stages ka naksha banati hai jinse ek sapna guzarta hai. Pehle kisi interest ki taraf ek strong khinchaav hota hai. Yeh khinchaav pakka hokar conviction ban jaata hai, yaani ek firm belief ki sapna poora hona hi chahiye. Phir ek samajhdaar dreamer sacrifice ka hisaab lagati hai: saal, paisa aur woh cheezein jo use chhodni padengi. Agar is imaandaar hisaab ke baad bhi aag bujhi nahi, tabhi use poori tarah kood padna chahiye, field chahe jo bhi ho. Maa yeh dikhava nahi karti ki yeh aasaan hoga. Lambi chadhaai par do cheezein sabse zyada help karti hain: kaam se pyaar aur yeh believe karna ki woh sahi hai, aur jab energy kam ho tab final success ko nazar mein rakhna.

Part 3: Koi akele nahi jeetta. Maa film award ceremonies ki misaal deti hai. Stage par har winner logon ki ek lambi list ko thank karta hai. Woh kehti hai ki har success ke peeche supporters ki ek team khadi hoti hai.

Part 4: Kai sapne sapne hi kyun reh jaate hain. Maa maanti hai ki zyaadatar log kabhi wish karne se aage nahi badhte. Kuch log apna sapna ek safe, steady life ke badle chhod dete hain. Kuch ko aise events rok dete hain jo unke control se bahar hote hain. Use Singapore ke woh log yaad aate hain jinke college ke plans Second World War ke dauraan Japanese invasion ne barbaad kar diye, aur woh young log jinhe jaldi kamaana shuru karna pada taaki unke chhote bhai-behen school mein padhte reh sakein. Woh turant yeh bhi kehti hai ki woh Ming ka josh thanda nahi karna chahti. Uski baat bas itni hai: obstacles aur saalon ko imaandaari se tolo, aur agar tumhara belief phir bhi strong hai, to us par action lo.

Part 5: Sapne badal sakte hain. Aakhir mein woh kehti hai ki life hamare sapnon ko naya roop de deti hai, aur jo sapna baad ki life mein janm leta hai woh utni hi izzat ka haqdaar hai jitna bachpan ka sapna. Aise sapnon mein zyada time lag sakta hai aur zyada logon ki help chahiye ho sakti hai. Uski apni misaal wahi book hai jiska hissa yeh letters hain: use publish karwana ek aisa sapna hai jiske peeche woh das saal se lagi hai, aur yeh uski jawaani ka sapna nahi tha. Woh is wish ke saath khatam karti hai ki Ming ka kam se kam ek sapna poora ho, aur bas “Mum” likh kar sign off karti hai.

Fig. 8.2 maa ki advice ko ek pahaadi par chadhne ke safar mein badal deta hai. Har milestone ek stage hai jo woh describe karti hai, aur raaste ke helpers support network ko dikhate hain.

8.2.3 Jaanne layak words

Tumhari textbook margin mein kuch mushkil words samjhati hai. Har card ko flip karke ek simple meaning aur ek naya example sentence dekho.

8.3 Letter ko samajhna

Writer, reader aur tone. Writer ek pyaar karne wali, experienced maa hai; reader uski beti hai, jo adult life ki shuruaat par khadi hai. Tone warm, honest aur encouraging hai. Yeh kabhi preachy nahi hoti: maa Ming ko bas kya karna hai yeh batane ke bajaye apne reasons samjhati hai aur apni life share karti hai.

8.3.1 Themes

• Sapnon ko effort aur sacrifice chahiye. Greatness saalon ki mehnat se milti hai, sirf chahne se nahi.
• Passion plus conviction. Kisi cheez ko pasand karna shuruaat hai; yeh believe karna ki woh hona hi chahiye use action mein badalta hai.
• Pehle cost count karo. Commit karne se pehle time, paisa aur sacrifice ko tolna chahiye.
• Perseverance. Raasta chadhaai wala hai; kaam se pyaar aur ummeed tumhe chadhte rehne dete hain.
• Koi akele success nahi paata. Family, teachers aur friends milkar ek support network banate hain.
• Life sapna badal sakti hai. Haalaat ek sapne ko rok sakte hain, aur naya sapna bhi utna hi keemti ho sakta hai.
• Parent ek dost ki tarah. Letter ek aisa rishta dikhata hai jo trust aur khuli baatcheet par bana hai.

8.3.2 Maa kaise convince karti hai

Maa apni advice ko convincing banane ke liye kai techniques use karti hai. Woh Ming se ek question poochti hai ki world-class banne mein kitna time lagta hai, jisse Ming jawab padhne se pehle sochti hai. Woh real examples deti hai: apni teams ko thank karte award winners, woh students jinke plans war ne barbaad kar diye, aur woh young log jinhone apni families ko support karne ke liye school chhod diya. Aakhir mein woh ek personal story sunati hai: ek book publish karne ki apni das saal ki struggle. Personal experience se judi advice ko ignore karna mushkil hota hai.

Sabse badi baat, woh ek balance banaye rakhti hai. Har warning ke saath encouragement bhi hai, isliye Ming supported bhi feel karti hai aur prepared bhi. Fig. 8.3 is balance ko ek taraazu ki tarah dikhata hai.

Title. “Follow That Dream” chaar words mein maa ka main message hai. Word follow important hai: sapne ke peeche step by step chalna padta hai, kabhi-kabhi saalon tak. Woh apne aap nahi aa jaata.

8.4 Critical Reflection: letter

Extract questions check karte hain ki tum dhyaan se padh sakte ho aur words se aage soch sakte ho. Answer dene se pehle apni textbook mein poora paragraph padho. ‘Why’ questions ke liye text se ek reason do aur phir ek sentence mein apni soch jodo.

8.5 Vocabulary and Structures in Context

8.5.1 -scape par khatam hone wale words

Letter ke end ke paas maa kisi insaan ke sapnon ki duniya ke liye word dreamscape use karti hai. Ending -scape ek noun ko poore view ke word mein badal deti hai: land se landscape banta hai, sea se seascape. Aise words descriptive writing aur travel writing mein aam hain.

8.5.2 Letter ke expressions

Letter idioms se bhara hai, yaani words ke aise groups jinka matlab har word ke alag matlab se different hota hai. Sapna sach mein tumhare khoon mein aag nahi lagata, aur koi sach mein geeli blanket mein lipta nahi hota! Har expression ko poora ek saath seekho.

8.5.3 Advice dene wale if-clauses

Maa Ming se kehti hai ki agar obstacles tolne ke baad bhi uska conviction strong hai, to use aage badhkar action lena chahiye. Yeh ek first conditional hai: yeh present ya future ki ek real possibility ki baat karta hai.

• Aam form: If + present simple, will + base verb. If it rains, we will play indoors.
• Advice wala form: If + present simple, imperative. If you feel stuck, ask your teacher.
• If-clause baad mein bhi aa sakta hai, bina comma ke: Call me if you miss the bus.
• If-clause mein kabhi will mat lagao: If it will rain galat hai; If it rains bolo.

8.5.4 ‘could’ ke kai kaam

Could ek modal verb hai: iske baad verb ki base form aati hai aur yeh khud apni form kabhi nahi badalta. Letter ise kai tarah se use karta hai. Table iske main kaam sort karti hai.

8.5.5 Sahi verb form chunna

Passage mein har verb ko apne time aur apne subject ke hisaab se fit hona chahiye. Blank bharne se pehle teen questions poocho: Kya yeh general fact hai, past event hai ya future plan? Subject singular hai ya plural? Kya verb se pehle must ya will jaisa koi modal hai?

• General facts aur habits: present simple. A good coach gives feedback. Coaches give feedback.
• Khatam ho chuke past actions: past simple. In 1990, most students learned by copying notes.
• Modal ke baad: base form. Players must wear helmets; they can borrow them.
• Future plans aur predictions: will + base form. Next year the club will hold a quiz.

8.6 Listening and Speaking

8.6.1 Listen and Respond

Class mein tumhare teacher school ke naye courses ke baare mein ek announcement play karenge ya padhenge (transcript tumhari textbook ke teacher wale pages mein hai). Tumhara task hai har blank ko recording se seedhe liye gaye ek word ya chhote phrase se bharna, teen words se zyada kabhi nahi. Sunne se pehle blanks padho aur andaaza lagao ki kis tarah ka word fit hoga: month, naam, jagah ya number. Sunte waqt words bilkul waise hi note karo jaise bole gaye; spelling baad mein theek karo.

8.6.2 Speaking Activity: chaar awaazein

Chaar-chaar ke groups mein kaam karo. Ek student unusual career goal wala dreamer hai. Baaki teen bante hain: paison ki chinta karne wale parent, dono sides tolne wale teacher ya mentor, aur saath dene wale par practical questions poochne wale friend ya sibling. Hamare example mein dreamer ka goal wildlife photographer banna hai. Fig. 8.5 dikhata hai ki har awaaz kaisi lagti hai.

8.7 Writing Task: formal email

Email se tum kisi ko bhi, jiska address ho, typed message bhej sakte ho, aur woh seconds mein pahunch jaata hai. Formal email aise insaan ko jaata hai jise tum personally nahi jaante, jaise koi institute, office ya principal. Yeh polite, clear aur complete hona chahiye, kyunki reader us par action le sakta hai.

1. From / To: tumhara email address aur receiver ka address.
2. Cc / Bcc: woh log jinhe copy milni chahiye (Bcc copies doosron se chhupi rehti hain). Zaroorat na ho to khaali chhod do.
3. Subject: ek chhoti, exact line, jaise Enquiry about the summer workshop.
4. Greeting: Dear Sir/Madam, ya Dear Ms Rao,
5. Body: apna introduction aur purpose batao; jo details chahiye unke baare mein poocho; interest dikhao; apni request rakho.
6. Closing: reader ko thank karo, phir Yours sincerely, aur uske baad apna naam, class ya designation aur contact details.

Formal words aur complete sentences use karo, aur pls, u ya asap jaise short forms bilkul nahi. Paragraphs chhote rakho. Fig. 8.6 layout dikhata hai.

8.8 Learning Beyond the Text: sapne aur goals

‘Goals’ wala part woh hai jahan sapne action bante hain. Bade sapne ke peeche bhaagna tab aasaan hota hai jab tum use chhote parts mein tod do, jaise Fig. 8.7 mein.

8.9 Reflect and Respond: poem se pehle

Penalty kick, audition ya naye school ke pehle din se theek pehle ka woh pal yaad hai? Dil tez dhadakta hai aur andar se ek awaaz kehti hai, Jahan safe hai, wahin raho. Is part ki poem bilkul usi pal se baat karti hai.

8.10 Reading for Appreciation: Believe in Yourself

Robert Langley ki “Believe in Yourself” chaar stanzas ki ek chhoti motivational poem hai, har stanza chaar lines ka. Speaker seedhe tumse, yaani reader se, ek badi choice ke pal par baat karta hai. Pehle ise apni textbook mein zor se padho: iski steady beat aur simple, roz ke words par dhyaan do.

8.10.1 Ek-ek stanza karke

Stanza 1: future ke saath akele. Poem match se pehle coach ki pukaar jaisi shuru hoti hai, bas stands khaali hain. Har dekhne wale ko hata kar speaker dikhata hai ki challenge ek insaan aur uske aage aane wali cheez ke beech ek private mulaqaat hai. Na taaliyan hain, na doosron ka pressure, isliye action ki wajah andar se aani chahiye.

Stanza 2: hope aur fear ki kheenchtaan. Ab doubt aata hai, aur speaker use statement ke bajaye ek question se dikhata hai. Future ek invitation jaisa bhi lag sakta hai aur ek threat jaisa bhi, aur jab tak hum action nahi lete, pakka nahi keh sakte ki kaunsa. Decision ka pal jitna paas aata hai, choice utni hi bhaari lagti hai, yeh har woh insaan jaanta hai jo kabhi ‘Submit’ button par ruk kar hichkichaya ho.

Stanza 3: comfort ka jaal. Yahan speaker honestly batata hai ki log ek hi jagah kyun ruke rehte hain: cheezon ko bina badle chhod dena, yaani status quo, aaraamdeh hai aur humse kuch nahi maangta. Phir stanza mudta hai. Speaker kehta hai ki aaram hamara purpose nahi hai; insaan grow karne ke liye bane hain, aur change ke bina growth nahi ho sakti.

Stanza 4: jawab. Aakhri stanza pehle uthaye gaye doubts ka jawab deta hai. Kisi bhi change ka sabse mushkil pal shuruaat hai, aur shuru karne ka matlab commit karna bhi hai, isliye himmat ki sabse zyada zaroorat bilkul shuru mein hoti hai. Poem ka title solution ban kar lautta hai: khud par bharosa hi life ko sahi direction mein chalata rehta hai.

Poem ko samajhne ka ek tareeka Fig. 8.8 ka ‘comfort zone’ model hai. Tum ek aaraamdeh circle mein shuru karte ho jahan kuch nahi badalta, fear ke ek ring se guzarte ho, aur tabhi un zones tak pahunchte ho jahan learning aur growth hoti hai.

8.10.2 Speaker, tone aur message

Speaker. Speaker ko ek aise coach ki tarah socho jo bilkul tumhare bagal mein khada hai, door se dekhne wala koi nahi. Speaker jaanta hai ki woh pal kitna mushkil lagta hai, aur baar-baar aane wala you advice ko personal bana deta hai, jaise woh sirf tumhare liye ho. Maqsad yeh hai ki aage kya hoga, yeh tum tay karo.

Tone aur mood. Poem kabhi daantti nahi; woh reader ka hausla badhati hai. Shuru ke stanzas reflective, balki uncertain bhi lagte hain, kyunki woh hope ko fear se aur comfort ko growth se tolte hain. Aakhri stanza chhota aur firm hai, jaise match se pehle coach ke aakhri words. Mood hichkichahat se pakke iraade ki taraf badalta hai.

Message. Growth ka matlab hai comfort ko peeche chhodna. Pehla kadam hamesha sabse mushkil hota hai, lekin self-belief use possible banata hai.

8.11 Poet ka craft

8.11.1 Rhyme scheme

Kisi poem ki rhyme scheme nikaalne ke liye pehli line ke aakhri word ko letter a do. Har nayi sound ko naya letter do, aur jab bhi koi sound pichhli kisi line se rhyme kare to wahi letter dohraao. Is poem mein har stanza ki lines 2 aur 4 rhyme karti hain, jabki lines 1 aur 3 nahi. Isliye har stanza mein scheme abcb hai, jaisa Fig. 8.9 dikhata hai. Kyunki rhyme har doosri line par aati hai, poem simple aur steady lagti hai, kadmon ki tarah.

8.11.2 Imagery, symbols aur metaphor

Imagery aisi language hai jo mann mein ek picture banati hai. Symbol aisi cheez hai jo kisi bade idea ko represent karti hai. Poem chhoti hai, par iski lagbhag har picture ek bada matlab liye hue hai.

Metaphor ek cheez ko aise describe karta hai jaise woh koi doosri cheez ho. Jab poet kehta hai “The first step is the hardest”, to uska matlab seedhi ka step nahi hai. Step kisi bhi change ki bilkul shuruaat ko represent karta hai: pehla lesson, pehli application, pehli koshish. Shuruaat sabse mushkil hoti hai kyunki jab tak sahara dene ke liye koi success nahi hoti, fear aur doubt sabse strong hote hain.

Poem personification bhi use karti hai: future tumhe pull aur push karta lagta hai, jaise woh haathon wala koi insaan ho.

8.11.3 Antithesis

Antithesis do opposite ideas ko ek hi sentence pattern ke do halves mein rakhta hai. Kyunki shapes match karti hain, matlab ka farq turant nazar aata hai. Yeh examples dekho: Easy to start, hard to finish. Quick to judge, slow to forgive. Train hard, play easy.

Poem mein doosra stanza pull you forward ko push you back ke saamne rakhta hai. Dono phrases same pattern follow karte hain (verb + you + direction), lekin verbs aur directions opposite hain. Yeh contrast choice ke pal par hamare andar ki do forces dikhata hai: hope aur fear. Teesra stanza bhi comfort ke aaram ko grow karne ki zaroorat se contrast karta hai.

8.12 Critical Reflection: poem

Poem ke questions mein apne answer ko hamesha ek stanza aur ek device se jodo. Batao ki line ka matlab kya hai, phir yeh ki woh kya suggest karti hai.

8.13 Vocabulary in Context

8.13.1 English mein use hone wale Latin expressions

Status quo Latin se aaya hai aur iska matlab hai ‘the state in which (things are)’, yaani cheezein jis haal mein hain. English ne aise bahut se Latin expressions udhaar liye hain, aur yeh tumhe newspapers, notices aur textbooks mein milte hain. Achhi printing mein yeh zyaadatar italics mein likhe jaate hain, aur inke short forms mein full stops lagte hain.

8.13.2 Rhetorical questions

Doosre stanza mein speaker poochta hai ki future tumhe aage le jaayega ya peeche dhakel dega. Kisi se zor se jawab dene ki ummeed nahi ki jaati. Yeh ek rhetorical question hai: speaker ko jawab pehle se pata hai, ya woh chahta hai ki tum mann hi mann jawab do. Iska kaam kisi point par zor dena ya feeling jagaana hai, information ikattha karna nahi.

• Action ke liye push karne ko: How long will we keep ignoring the garbage on our street? (Humein abhi action lena hoga.)
• Fear ko challenge karne ko: What is the worst that can happen if you try? (Kuch khaas nahi: isliye try karo.)
• Kisi obvious sach par zor dene ko: Who doesn’t love a holiday? (Sabko pasand hai.)

Speakers speeches aur debates mein rhetorical questions use karte hain kyunki yeh audience ko apni taraf kheench lete hain. Ek ya do use karo, zyada nahi, warna tumhari speech quiz jaisi lagegi.

8.14 Listening and Speaking

8.14.1 Listen and Respond

Class mein tum ek performance se pehle do doston ki baatcheet sunoge (transcript teacher wale pages mein hai). Feelings aur advice par dhyaan do: nervous, ready aur sure jaise words batate hain ki har speaker kaisa feel kar raha hai, aur you should ya just remember jaise phrases advice ka signal dete hain. True statements chunte waqt har word check karo: ek word badalne se statement false ho sakta hai.

8.14.2 Speaking Activity: proverbs ko act karke dikhao

Pairs mein kaam karo. Ek proverb lo, uska matlab samjhao, use kisi real situation se jodo aur ek chhota scene act karo jo use saabit kare. Fig. 8.11 ka three-part plan follow karo.

8.15 Writing Task: speech

Speech sunne ke liye likhi jaati hai. Ismein saaf structure, friendly lekin formal awaaz, aur aisi persuasive tone chahiye jo listeners ko apni taraf kheenche, jaise rhetorical questions se, ya …, don’t we? aur …, isn’t that so? jaise tags se.

1. Opening: audience ko greet karo, apna introduction do, kisi question, quotation ya surprising fact se unhe hook karo, aur apna topic batao.
2. Body, paragraph 1: tumhara pehla main point, kisi story ya example ke saath.
3. Body, paragraph 2: tumhara doosra point, kisi fact ya ek aur example ke saath. moreover aur on the other hand jaise linkers use karo.
4. Conclusion: summary do, aisi line se khatam karo jo log yaad rakhein, aur audience ko thank karo.

• ‘Turning Challenges into Opportunities’ ke liye examples: ek student jise science test mein fail hone ke baad revise karte hue experiments se pyaar ho gaya; ek kisaan jisne sookhe ke baad millets ugaana shuru kiya; ek town jisne kachre ke dher ko park bana diya; lockdown jisne bahut logon ko online nayi skills seekhne ke liye push kiya. Do chuno, ek personal aur ek news se.

8.16 Learning Beyond the Text: challenge se chance tak

Kai mahaan Indians ne aisi mushkilon ka saamna kiya jo unhe rok sakti thi. Iske bajaye unhone un mushkilon ko fuel ki tarah use kiya. Fig. 8.13 aur neeche ka comparison aisi teen zindagiyon ka saar dete hain.